Author: Sandeep Bharti, Abhay Raj, Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira, Ranyere Lucena de Souza, Sikandar I. Mulla, Ram Naresh Bharagava
Citation: Bharti, Sandeep, et al. "A critical review on the symbiotic effect of bacteria and microalgae on treatment of sewage with biofertilizer production." Journal of Environmental Management 373 (2025): 123704.
Abstract:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301479724036909
Wastes like sewage, kitchen and industrial are the major sources of environmental pollution and health hazards. Sewage contains 99.9% water and 0.1% solid waste including urinal waste and fecal matter along with large amounts of nitrate, nitrite, ammonium and phosphate ions. Sewage may also contain a variety of harmful contaminants like analgesics, antihypertensive drugs, antibiotics, dioxin, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides, chlorine derivatives and plasticizers etc. making it more harmful to environment and public health. Hence, sewage must be adequately treated by an effective process before its final discharge into the environment. Biological treatment of sewage is an emerging idea in recent years, which has diverse economic and environmental advantages. Sewage treatment by bacteria and microalgae has numerous advantages as it removes various excessive nutrients from waste with large biomass production and also prevents the utilization of toxic chemicals in conventional treatment process. Microalgae-bacterial biomass have potential to be used as biofertilizers, bio-stimulants and bio-seed primers in agricultural field as these contain various biologically active substances like polysaccharides, carotenoids, free fatty acids, phenols, and terpenoids. This review paper mainly discusses the sewage characteristics and different kinds of organic and inorganic pollutants it contained along with its harmful impacts on environment and public health. It also deals the different conventional as well as emerging treatment technologies and different factors affecting the treatment efficiency. In addition, the utilization of developed microalgal and bacterial biomass as biofertilizer and its effects on crop plant along with future prospects has been also discussed in detail.
Author: Sandeep Bharti, Abhay Raj, Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira, Ranyere Lucena de Souza, Sikandar I. Mulla, Ram Naresh Bharagava
Citation: Bharti, Sandeep, et al. "A critical review on the symbiotic effect of bacteria and microalgae on treatment of sewage with biofertilizer production." Journal of Environmental Management 373 (2025): 123704.
Abstract:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301479724036909
Wastes like sewage, kitchen and industrial are the major sources of environmental pollution and health hazards. Sewage contains 99.9% water and 0.1% solid waste including urinal waste and fecal matter along with large amounts of nitrate, nitrite, ammonium and phosphate ions. Sewage may also contain a variety of harmful contaminants like analgesics, antihypertensive drugs, antibiotics, dioxin, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides, chlorine derivatives and plasticizers etc. making it more harmful to environment and public health. Hence, sewage must be adequately treated by an effective process before its final discharge into the environment. Biological treatment of sewage is an emerging idea in recent years, which has diverse economic and environmental advantages. Sewage treatment by bacteria and microalgae has numerous advantages as it removes various excessive nutrients from waste with large biomass production and also prevents the utilization of toxic chemicals in conventional treatment process. Microalgae-bacterial biomass have potential to be used as biofertilizers, bio-stimulants and bio-seed primers in agricultural field as these contain various biologically active substances like polysaccharides, carotenoids, free fatty acids, phenols, and terpenoids. This review paper mainly discusses the sewage characteristics and different kinds of organic and inorganic pollutants it contained along with its harmful impacts on environment and public health. It also deals the different conventional as well as emerging treatment technologies and different factors affecting the treatment efficiency. In addition, the utilization of developed microalgal and bacterial biomass as biofertilizer and its effects on crop plant along with future prospects has been also discussed in detail.